Synthesis:Emergent Modalities: Difference between revisions
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What we call Emergent modalities covers a wide range of different practices and approaches, which | What we call Emergent modalities covers a wide range of different practices and approaches. Since the present page belongs to the "synthesis" layer, it adopts a tentative system (in-progress) according to levels and targets of practice, based on the [[Synthesis:Multidimensional Framework|Multidimensional Framework]], which aims to help accomodate both emic and etic practices and perspectives, and integrate traditional and non-traditional terms and views while using hopefully neutral and descriptive language. | ||
= Individual level = | |||
== Breathing exercises == | |||
Exemples of traditional practices involving breathing exercises include, g-Tummo Breathing, Pranayama, Sudarshan Kriya Yoga. More recently developed protocols are also common (e.g. [[Grof Breathwork]], [[Wim Hof Breathing]]...), while some clinical approaches also incorporate breathing exercises like [[cardiac coherence]], usually for relaxation and health benefits rather than to induce EPEEs. From a general health perspective, nose breathing is better than mouth breathing.<ref>https://health.clevelandclinic.org/breathe-mouth-nose</ref> These approaches can be more or less intense, and more intense breathing exercises, sometimes collectively referred to as High Ventilation Breathwork Practices (HVB), can induce profound modulations of experience. | |||
Note that such approaches can be dangerous and contraindicated for individuals with certain conditions such as neurological, respiratory, or cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, mental health issues (e.g. PTSD, anxious tendencies, or panic disorders), pregnancy, and more.<ref name=":0">Fincham, G. W., Kartar, A., Uthaug, M. V., Anderson, B., Hall, L., Nagai, Y., Critchley, H., & Colasanti, A. (2023). High ventilation breathwork practices: An overview of their effects, mechanisms, and considerations for clinical applications. ''Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews'', ''155'', 105453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105453</ref> This is especially the case of more forceful approaches, in particular when combined with e.g. cold water immersion, as in the case of the Wim Hof Method. It should always be made evident that any practitioners attempting to practice HVB alone must be in a safe environment, especially away from water, hard surfaces or anywhere and any situation in which HVB risks harm to oneself or others, and particularly where fainting could prove fatal.<ref name=":0" /> Please consult with a doctor before you engage in such practices. | |||
== Dietary approaches == | |||
Fasting | Fasting | ||
== Heat and Cold == | |||
Cold exposure | Cold exposure, Sweat Lodge, Sauna. | ||
Sweat Lodge | |||
== Individual practices involving mostly mental activities == | |||
Recently, some authors have proposed that an efficient alternative when attempting to characterize specific practice styles, is to let go their cultural embedding and type, and instead describe the actual internal gestures and their sequence involved, using a repertoire of structural terms, specifically: "Observe", "Release", "Stay Open", "Let Go", "Focus", "Apply", "Sustain", "Produce", "Imagine", "Create", "Prolong", "Move", "Place", "Maintain", — which can involve and infinite number of possible objects or subjects of "meditation" — which can then form a gestural "score" of sorts.<ref>Sparby, T., & Sacchet, M. D. (2022). Defining Meditation: Foundations for an Activity-Based Phenomenological Classification System. ''Frontiers in Psychology'', ''12'', 795077. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.795077</ref> This is a promising approach, yet, for our present purposes we will mention a few common types of such practices. | |||
Recently, some authors have proposed that an efficient alternative when attempting to characterize specific practice styles, is to let go their cultural embedding and type, and instead describe the actual internal gestures and their sequence involved, using a repertoire of structural terms, specifically: "Observe", "Release", "Stay Open", "Let Go", "Focus", "Apply", "Sustain", "Produce", "Imagine", "Create", "Prolong", "Move", "Place", "Maintain", — which can involve and infinite number of possible objects or subjects of "meditation" — which can then form a gestural "score" of sorts.<ref>Sparby, T., & Sacchet, M. D. (2022). Defining Meditation: Foundations for an Activity-Based Phenomenological Classification System. ''Frontiers in Psychology'', ''12'', 795077. | |||
Épochè | Épochè | ||
| Line 45: | Line 27: | ||
Prayer | Prayer | ||
== Individual practices involving an external technology, contraption, or support == | |||
Electric stimulation | Electric stimulation | ||
Floatation tanks | [[Floatation tanks]] | ||
Floatation-REST (Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy) | Floatation-REST (Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy) | ||
| Line 66: | Line 48: | ||
10 Hz visual flicker stimulation | 10 Hz visual flicker stimulation | ||
== Movement-based practices == | |||
Dancing | |||
TaKeTiNa | TaKeTiNa | ||
Yoga | Yoga | ||
Musical or rhythmic practices | == Musical or rhythmic practices == | ||
Chanting | Chanting | ||
Listening to music | Listening to music | ||
Sama'a | |||
Shamanic drumming | Shamanic drumming | ||
== Pharmacological approaches == | |||
=== Psychoactive substances === | |||
1P-LSD | 1P-LSD | ||
2C-B | 2C-B | ||
5-MeO- | 5-MeO-DMT (e.g. Synthetic, Toad, Yopo) | ||
Ayahuasca | Ayahuasca | ||
| Line 113: | Line 93: | ||
DMT | DMT | ||
Ergotamine | Ergotamine | ||
| Line 122: | Line 98: | ||
Ethanol | Ethanol | ||
Heroin | |||
Ibogaine | |||
Kambô | Kambô | ||
Ketamine | Ketamine | ||
Ketanserin | Ketanserin | ||
| Line 139: | Line 111: | ||
LSD | LSD | ||
Mazindol | Mazindol | ||
| Line 157: | Line 125: | ||
MDMA | MDMA | ||
Modafinil | Modafinil | ||
| Line 177: | Line 137: | ||
Psilocybin | Psilocybin | ||
Reboxetine | Reboxetine | ||
| Line 190: | Line 148: | ||
Triazolam | Triazolam | ||
== Sensory deprivation == | |||
Ganzfeld | Ganzfeld | ||
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Ganzfeld (white auditory noise) | Ganzfeld (white auditory noise) | ||
== | = Relational practices and approaches = | ||
Hypnosis | |||
Conducting hypnosis on others | |||
= Group practices and approaches = | |||
Liturgy | |||
Kirtan | |||
= Environmental practices and approaches = | |||
Approaches involving the [[Natural Cycles]] | |||
Meditating on the elements (Fire, Water, Earth, etc.) | |||
Approaches involving natural features of [[Geography|Geography or]] [[Geology]] (Sacred mountains, Water stretches, etc.) | |||
Approaches related with [[Fauna]] and [[Flora]] (e.g. Forest bathing<ref>Berghmans, C. (2023b). L’impact de l’exposition à la nature (bain de forêts) sur la santé mentale : une revue d’études contrôlées et randomisées et une analyse des processus d’action. The impact of exposure to nature (forest bathing) on mental health: A review of randomized controlled trials and an analysis of action processes. L’Évolution Psychiatrique, S001438552300083X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.06.003</ref> or Shinrin Yoku, ...) | |||
Approaches related with cosmic elements and [[Cosmic Influences]] (Sun Dance, Sky gazing, ritual calendars related with cosmic events [like Vesak, the liturgical year, Christmas, the Solstices, ...], etc.) | |||
= | =References= | ||
Latest revision as of 05:00, 20 September 2025
What we call Emergent modalities covers a wide range of different practices and approaches. Since the present page belongs to the "synthesis" layer, it adopts a tentative system (in-progress) according to levels and targets of practice, based on the Multidimensional Framework, which aims to help accomodate both emic and etic practices and perspectives, and integrate traditional and non-traditional terms and views while using hopefully neutral and descriptive language.
Individual level
Breathing exercises
Exemples of traditional practices involving breathing exercises include, g-Tummo Breathing, Pranayama, Sudarshan Kriya Yoga. More recently developed protocols are also common (e.g. Grof Breathwork, Wim Hof Breathing...), while some clinical approaches also incorporate breathing exercises like cardiac coherence, usually for relaxation and health benefits rather than to induce EPEEs. From a general health perspective, nose breathing is better than mouth breathing.[1] These approaches can be more or less intense, and more intense breathing exercises, sometimes collectively referred to as High Ventilation Breathwork Practices (HVB), can induce profound modulations of experience.
Note that such approaches can be dangerous and contraindicated for individuals with certain conditions such as neurological, respiratory, or cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, mental health issues (e.g. PTSD, anxious tendencies, or panic disorders), pregnancy, and more.[2] This is especially the case of more forceful approaches, in particular when combined with e.g. cold water immersion, as in the case of the Wim Hof Method. It should always be made evident that any practitioners attempting to practice HVB alone must be in a safe environment, especially away from water, hard surfaces or anywhere and any situation in which HVB risks harm to oneself or others, and particularly where fainting could prove fatal.[2] Please consult with a doctor before you engage in such practices.
Dietary approaches
Fasting
Heat and Cold
Cold exposure, Sweat Lodge, Sauna.
Individual practices involving mostly mental activities
Recently, some authors have proposed that an efficient alternative when attempting to characterize specific practice styles, is to let go their cultural embedding and type, and instead describe the actual internal gestures and their sequence involved, using a repertoire of structural terms, specifically: "Observe", "Release", "Stay Open", "Let Go", "Focus", "Apply", "Sustain", "Produce", "Imagine", "Create", "Prolong", "Move", "Place", "Maintain", — which can involve and infinite number of possible objects or subjects of "meditation" — which can then form a gestural "score" of sorts.[3] This is a promising approach, yet, for our present purposes we will mention a few common types of such practices.
Épochè
Meditation — Meditative and contemplative practices can be found in the world's religious and spiritual traditions, and beyond into secular and even clinical contexts. It is thus virtually impossible to list all of them.
Hesychasm
Vipassanā Meditation — The Hierarchy of Vipassana Practice; Stage-related recommendations
Prayer
Individual practices involving an external technology, contraption, or support
Electric stimulation
Floatation-REST (Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy)
Lectio divina
Listening to a recording of a text
Neurofeedback
Olfactory Epithelium Stimulation with odorless air at a frequency of 0.05Hz
Visual stimulation
3 Hz visual flicker stimulation
10 Hz visual flicker stimulation
Movement-based practices
Dancing
TaKeTiNa
Yoga
Musical or rhythmic practices
Chanting
Listening to music
Sama'a
Shamanic drumming
Pharmacological approaches
Psychoactive substances
1P-LSD
2C-B
5-MeO-DMT (e.g. Synthetic, Toad, Yopo)
Ayahuasca
Buspirone
Carvedilol
Clonidine
Cocaine
D-Amphetamine
Dextromethorphan
D-Methamphetamine
Doxazosin
DMT
Ergotamine
Ethanol
Heroin
Ibogaine
Kambô
Ketamine
Ketanserin
Lactose
LSD
Mazindol
Mannitol
Mescaline
Methylphenidate
MDA
MDE
MDMA
Modafinil
Naltrexone
Niacin
N, N-DMT(ayahuasca)
Pindolol
Psilocybin
Reboxetine
Salvia Divinorum
Salvinorin-A
THC
Triazolam
Sensory deprivation
Ganzfeld
Ganzfeld (brown auditory noise)
Ganzfeld (green)
Ganzfeld (red)
Ganzfeld (violet auditory noise)
Ganzfeld (white auditory noise)
Relational practices and approaches
Hypnosis
Conducting hypnosis on others
Group practices and approaches
Liturgy
Kirtan
Environmental practices and approaches
Approaches involving the Natural Cycles
Meditating on the elements (Fire, Water, Earth, etc.)
Approaches involving natural features of Geography or Geology (Sacred mountains, Water stretches, etc.)
Approaches related with Fauna and Flora (e.g. Forest bathing[4] or Shinrin Yoku, ...)
Approaches related with cosmic elements and Cosmic Influences (Sun Dance, Sky gazing, ritual calendars related with cosmic events [like Vesak, the liturgical year, Christmas, the Solstices, ...], etc.)
References
- ↑ https://health.clevelandclinic.org/breathe-mouth-nose
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Fincham, G. W., Kartar, A., Uthaug, M. V., Anderson, B., Hall, L., Nagai, Y., Critchley, H., & Colasanti, A. (2023). High ventilation breathwork practices: An overview of their effects, mechanisms, and considerations for clinical applications. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 155, 105453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105453
- ↑ Sparby, T., & Sacchet, M. D. (2022). Defining Meditation: Foundations for an Activity-Based Phenomenological Classification System. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 795077. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.795077
- ↑ Berghmans, C. (2023b). L’impact de l’exposition à la nature (bain de forêts) sur la santé mentale : une revue d’études contrôlées et randomisées et une analyse des processus d’action. The impact of exposure to nature (forest bathing) on mental health: A review of randomized controlled trials and an analysis of action processes. L’Évolution Psychiatrique, S001438552300083X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.06.003